Groupers are a diverse group of fish belonging to the family Serranidae, specifically the subfamily Epinephelinae. They are characterized by their robust bodies, large mouths, and often cryptic coloration, which helps them blend into their rocky or coral reef habitats. Found in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide, groupers are highly prized by recreational and commercial fishermen alike due to their size and delicious flesh. They are generally carnivorous, feeding on a variety of prey including smaller fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods, and many species are known for their ambush predator tactics, lying in wait for unsuspecting prey to pass by.

Anglers employ various methods to catch groupers, with bottom fishing being one of the most common and effective. This typically involves using heavy tackle, strong lines, and large hooks baited with live or cut bait such as squid, pilchards, or mackerel. Fishermen often target known grouper habitats like wrecks, reefs, and rocky ledges, where these fish congregate. Another popular technique is spearfishing, particularly for larger specimens in clear waters. This requires skill and patience, as divers must approach the fish stealthily to get a good shot. Trolling with large lures or natural baits can also be successful, especially for pelagic species of grouper that venture into open water.